Hydraulic brake for automobile engines



Feb. 28, 1933. C, A, RQOEDER 1,899,294

HYDRAULIC BRAKE FOR AUTOMOBILE ENGINES Filed July 20, 1932 all 1,. I 1':i I IHHIIHHIIH Zmventor (Ittomeg Patented Feb. 28,11933" I 11,399,294],

} cLYnn a Roxanna-or mm, nEBRAsxA HYDRAULIC nmxn'roninu'romoninnverrorirns A imation filed July 20, 1 932.; SerialNo. 623371 i 7 Thepresent invention relates generally to mechanism substantially'on theline 3 3--o fbrake mecha-nism' adapted forapplication' Figure Iandshowing'the partsadjusted for to'motor vehicles,-=or other deviceswhichare checking or stopping the operation of "the-v V operated by aninternal combustionenginea ;engine, and; I p f An object of the presentinvention is' to pro-1 Figure 4 is a' similar view!- showing: the. 5

w vide an improved construction of lorake "parts in'an oppositelyadjusted position to i which utilizes theinternal'combustion engineadmit the free operation of. the engine 1 g a and its connections tothe, wheels or other 1 "Beferringnow to the drawing, the brakepropelling device'of the vehicle'for. checking mechanism-is disclosed asapplied; to a single the speed of the vehicle and for bringingthecylinder engine, and it is understood thatjit vehicle to a stop. j iis-"forthe purposeof simplicity in disclosure The invention further aimsto provide a onlyandthatthe inventionis applicable to brake mechanismadapted to utilize the lubriinternal combustion engines having any.decatin'g'oil of the engine for checking the sirednumberof'cylindersfand it also speed of the engine or brin ing theengine understood that the brakingmecha'nism may 65 to a stop andwithout waste 0 the lubricating beduplicated in any desired number s"accord-i oil, and by means ofwhich'admits of a rela ing to-the size ofthe engine and the work I tively simple ,and economical "constructionto'be performed".

Y which may readily be installed in or other- In Figure 1,10'designates'an'internal comwise connected to theoilfsump or crankcase bustion enginehaving'a cylinder 11 in which of the internal combustion engine.operates apiston 12connected bya-connect The invention furtheraimstoprovide an ing rod 13 toa crank shaft 14; Theengine f improved andnovelmeans for controlling the is provided with acrank case 15 in the lower jbraking mechanism 'from' a single source, portion of which maintainedabody ofoil and/which also embodies a safety means to 16in the usualmanner. I v

prevent damage .or injuryto the engine inci- The proved brake mechanismis shown dent to the sudden checking of'the spe'ed in" the present;instance as enclosed within thereof so as to prevent locking of theparts the crank case 15 although'it'may be'disposed A ofthe engine orother'dam'age resultingfr'om in 1 any other suitable manner so as. tohave r the imposition of sudden stresse's orstrains communication withor access toth'fe body upon thecrank case ormovable parts of the 0f-joil 16 for operation as will subsequently, engine and line shafting. If appear.- Thebrake mechanismhas acylinder With the foregoing and otherobjects in 17 which} may be mounted upona base plate view,; thevinvention will be more fully de- 18 secured by bo1ts19, or the like,within'lthe scribed hereinafter, and will be more parbottomof the crankcase '15 inline with the ticularly pointed out in theclaims appendedcrankshaft-14 but ofiset longitudinally from he t 1 I 'themaincrankthrow of the crank shaft."

In the drawingywherein like'symbols refer piston 20 is'lnountedin thecylinder 17 to like or corresponding parts throughout the 1 and isconnected byfaccnnecting rod 21 with a 0 several views. 9 I 1' Irelativelyshort'crankthrow 22which may 'Figure'l is a longitudinalsection taken be provided in the crank shat-U14. The pis through onetype of internalcombustion ens ton 20 may be connected in anysuitableman- 1- gine for the purpose-of illustratiomand disnerto anymoving, part of the'engine 10 so closes one embodiment of the brakemechaas tomove the piston'20 wherithe engine'i's nismof thisinventionapplied thereto. operated.

"Figure2 is adetail enlarged sectional view The brake cylinder 17 isprovided at; its'[ 1 taken through'asafety valve-comprisinglpart lowerend, beneath the'normal surface'levelg I of the brake mecha nism.; I ofthe oil 16', Withone'o'r-more lateral ports or a Figure '3 isyen/enlarged sectional view openings 23 {through whichthe oilf 16'm'aytaken through the lower end of the braking. pass back and forth into andout'of the lower 1 provides a valve seat against whichengages stantiallyto the surface area of the piston "J end of the spring 31. Inwardlyextending so that when the port or ports 23 are entirely open noresistance will be offered to the free reciprocation of the piston 20and consequently the operation of the engine will not be checked.

Adjustable means is provided for controlling the size of the ports 23and to either reduce the efiective area thereofor to completerly closethe ports, according to the braking action desired. In the presentembodiment this result is accomplished by a sleeve 24 which. isrotatably mounted about the cylinider 17 and which may extend throughoutthe height of the cylinder 17 Y so as to dispose the uper end ofthesleeve J above the body of oil 16. 1

.Thersleefve 24is provided in one: or more sides with ports'or openings25, adapted to register; with the ports 23 in the cylinder 17 when thesleeve 24 is turned for such, adjustm n i3 -Any suitable means may beprovi-ded'for turning the sleeve 24, and in the present instance thesleeve is shown as having a forked arm or, projection 26 atone sidewhich is connected to a rod 27 which may be carried through the side ofthe crank case 15. and operated from any suitable point and through anysuitable device for pushing and pulling the rod 27 to turn the sleeve24, The rod 27 may thus be operatedfrom the steering column or'from anysuitable point of easy accessto the operator of the vehicleor engine.It'will be noted from Figures 3 and 4 that the rod 27 is offset from theaxis of the brake cylinder 27 so that the arm 26 may spring through anarch of desired length to effect the complete opening and closingof theports 23 and and also various intermediate adjustments for controllingthe passage of theoil 16 back and forth from the lower end ofthecylinder 17. v Y

To prevent damage to the engine and parts connected thereto should thesleeve '24 be turned suddenly into a more or less closed position, asafety vent or outlet device is provided, and this device may be in theform of a safety valve carried onthe sleeve 24. as shown particularly inFigure2. V

The sleeve 24 is provided with an outstand-. ing hollow boss28 near thelower end ofzthe sleeve and in aclosed wall thereof between-the ports25, as shown in Figures 3 and 4., The boss 28 is adapted to openinto thelower end of the cylinder 1.8 when the sleeve 24 is-Inore or lessclosed. The outer end of the boss an outwardly opening valve 29' havinga stem 30about which is placeda spring 31. An

adjustable nut or shoulderf32 is carried on the inner end of the stem 30and engages one lower end of the cylinder 17. When this pressure occursthe valve 29 is opened against the tension of the spring so as torelieve the pressure and prevent locking of the movable parts of themotor and other mechanisms connected thereto. Of course, for normaloperation the spring 31 is adapted to hold the valve 29 closed.

- If desiredthe crank case 15 may be provided with one or more baflleplates 34 disposed substantially at the surface level of the I odyof oil16 to maintain the oil about the lower end of the cylinder 17 when theengine is tilted, suchas when the vehicle is inclined asjon ahill, or-thelike.

-.= Fromthe above it is thought the operation will be apparent becauseduring the normal running of the engine the short crank throw 22reciprocates the piston 20 in the cylinder .17, and eachtime the piston20 rises in the cylinder 17, oil may freely pass through the ports23from the crankcase into the lower end of the brake cylinder 17. Downwardmovement of the piston 20 ejects the oil from the lower end of thecylinder 17 without resistance due to the relatively large area of theoneor more outlet ports 23 in the cylinder. 1 v I 7 When it is desiredto check the speed of the engine'the operator manipulates the rod 27 toturn the sleeve24 andmove the ports 25 of thesleeve moreor less out ofregister with the ports'23 of the cylinder 17. Im-

mediately the outflow of oilfrom the lower end of the cylinder 17 isretarded and consequently thereis a checking in the operation somereason the sleeve 24 be closed too suddenly, the oil entrapped in thelower end of the cylinder 17 is permitted to escape under abnormalpressure, incident to momentum of the engine and connectedparts or bythe operation of the engine, through the safety valve 29. The spring 31ofi'ers suificient resistance to the opening of the safety valve.

however, as to bring the braking action into play assoon asthe excesspressure is relieved.

lam awarethat some changes may be made in the general arrangements. andcombinations of the severaldevices and parts of my novel vehicle brakewithout departing from the scope of the present invention asset-forth inthe foregoing specification, and as defined in the appended claims.HencepI do not limit my present invention to. the exact arrangements andcombinations of the parts as described in the foregoing specification,nor do I limit myself to the exact details of the construction of saidparts, as illustrated-in the accompanying drawing] What is claimed is:f 1. A brake mechanism for vehicles having an internal combustion enginewith an oil sump, a brake cylinder communicating with the oil sump fornormally receivingoil therefrom and returning oil to the sump, a pistonbustion engine having a crank case adapted to support a body of oilforlubricating the en 7 gine, a brake cylinder communicating with the crankcase, a piston in sai'dcylinder, means for connecting the piston to amov-I a able part of the engine for pumping oil back s an engine withanoil sump,a brake-cylinder end through which oil inthe crank case'niayengine for regulating the aninternal combustion engine-and acrank andforth between thecrank case and the, cylinder, and checking means forregulating the flow of the oil to and from the cylinder.

3. A brake for vehicles and the like having communicating with the sump,a piston in the cylinder, a connection between the piston and the enginefor operating thepi'stonwhen the engine is operated, and flow controlmeans between the cylinder and the-oil sump ofthe 4 passage of oil intoand out of the cylinder. I o,

4. In brake mechanis'mfor' vehicles having case for containing a body ofoil to lubricate the engine, a brake cylinder mounted in the crankcaseand having a port in its lower pass to the cylinder, a piston inrsaidcylinder, means connecting the piston to amovable part of the engine foroperating the piston (when the engine is operated, and a sleeve movablymounted about the cylinder andhav I ing a port therein, said sleeveadapted for adjustment on the cylinder to bring said ports in thecylinder and sleeve into desired relation for controlling the passageof" oil back and forth from the, cylinder;

5. Inbrakemechanis'm for vehicles and the like having an internalcombustion engine with a crank case for containing oil to lubricate theengine, a crank shaft for the engine having a supplemental short crankthrow, a

cylinder mounted in the bottom ofthe crankcase in line with said shortcrank throw and having ports in its lower end opening into the crankcase to receive oil therefrom, apiston in" said cylinder, a connectingrod between; the piston and" said short crank throw, and a sleeveslidably mounted about said cylinder and having ports therein: adaptedto register with the ports in the cylinder to admit free' passage of oilback" and: forth throughfthe cylinder," said sleeve adapted to be turnedI for checking the passage'of oil into and, out "oofthecylinde'r. P P

6. In brake" mechanism 'for vehicles the likeghaving an internalcombustionenglne with acrankcasevtor containing-oil to lubri;, I

cate the engine, a crank shaft-for the engine having a supplementalshort vcrank throw", a

cylinder mounted in the bottom ofnthe crank casein/line with said-shortcrank throw and aving ports: in its lower end opening into the crankcase to receive oil therefrom,- a piston in said cylinder,a connectingrod between the piston and said short crank throw, a sleeve slidably.mounted about said cylinder and having ports therein adapted to registerwith. V

the portsin the cylinder to admit freepassage of oil back and forththrough the cylinder, .saidsleeve adapted to be turned for checking thepassage of oilinto and out of the cylinder,and pressure relieving meanscommunicating with the cylinder to-prevent lock-,

ing of the parts whensaid ports are closed.

7. In brake mechanism for vehicles having,

an internal combustion enginewith acrank case adapted to contain a bodyof oil for lubricating the engine, a cylinder mounted in the bottom ofthe crank case and having ports through its lower end opening into,thecrank case, a piston in the cylinder, a connecting r rod carried bythe piston, a-crank shaft for.

the engine having a short crank throw coni nected to said connectingrod,ia sleeve rotat ably mounted about the cylinder and having r portsin its lower end, and an operating rod projecting through the crankcaseand connected to said sleeve for'moving the same into one positionforregis'tering the portsof the sleeve with 'theports of the cylinderand adadapted to operate the sleeve into an opposite position for movingsaid ports out of regisl10, 1mit free operation of, the piston, said rod1 g I ter to restrict the flow of oil through the ports and retard theoperation of said piston. I

8. In brake mechanism for vehicles having an internal combustion enginewith a crank case adapted to contain a body of oil for lubricating theengine, a cylinder mounted in the bottom of the crank case and having 1ports through its lower end opening intorthe' crank case, a piston inthe cylinder, a connecting rod carried by the piston, a crank shaftfortheengine having a short crank throw connected to said connectingrod, a sleeve ro jtatably mounted about the cylinder and havingportsin'its lower end, an operating rod projecting through the crank case andconnected to said sleeve for moving the same into one position for.registering the ports of the Y sleeve with the ports of the cylinderandadmit free operation of the pistonysaid rod adapted to operate thesleeve into an opposite position for moving said ports out of registerto restrict the flow of oil throu h the ports and retard the operationof 'said piston, said sleeve having a hollow boss at its lower enddisposedbetween the i-portsof the sleeve t0 communicate with thecylinder when the ports ere out of register, andanioutwardly 7 openingspring controlled. check valve carried by the boss for operationtorelieve excess 7 7 pressure beneaththe'piston. 2

. In testimony whereof, I have aflixed my signature 7 cnYDEf Bonnier;v I'1

